average cost of eye exam and glassesaverage cost of eye exam and glasses

Depending on if you have benefits or are paying out-of-pocket, an eye checkup typically costs around $95. Optometry Cares: The AOA Foundation also maintains a list of state-specific resources. Millions of Americans go without eye insurance, which covers the cost of annual eye exams. JCPenney Optical. Vision Center provides a breakdown of the average cost of an eye exam without insurance at these large providers. The cost of an eye exam without insurance at Lenscrafters starts at $73. Online astigmatism tests can help you learn more about specific refractive errors. There are different types of eyeglasses to choose from. Eligibility. Typically, vision discount plans cost less per year than vision insurance, but you pay more for visits and eyewear than you would with insurance. Total. Check out this handy, illustrated summary of our findings! Costco Eye Exam Cost? Offer cannot be combined with any other discounts or special offers, previous surgery, insurance, or vision care plan savings. Retinal problems can cause irreversible vision loss, so the sooner any problems are diagnosed, the better. It also depends on any add-ons you buy. (Updated for 2020)., What Your Eye Doctor Knows about Your Health.. If you have an eye condition that requires regular checkups, you may spend more than that in a year. The cost of vision insurance depends on various factors, but monthly premiums can range from $10-$30 per person. Thats for frames only. America's Best Contacts & Eyeglasses. Like other medical services, eye care will vary depending on different factors. America's Best is a chain eye exam center that offers eye exams for a flat rate of $45. If you closed your eyes and pointed to a random spot in the United States, you could expect an eye exam to cost $106 in 2022, according to our recent survey of 100 U.S. eye doctors. Make sure to ask about this beforehand, especially if certain tests arent covered by your vision insurance. Three eye exams at the average vision center or optical retailer still cost less than two exams at a standalone practice. The six main types of eyeglass lenses are: Single-vision lenses have the same prescription power across the whole lens. Remember that this price can be higher if you have a more complicated prescription and decide to get branded frames. Reading glasses can be as little as $8 from a drugstore, while designer prescription glasses can cost upwards of $1,500. When billed separately, expect to pay around $20 or $25. Three eye care locations (all vision centers) were still open, but didnt have an optometrist at the time. It could help you decide where you schedule your appointment. Find an eyecare professional and book online in minutes! 2. . Page published on Tuesday, August 4, 2020. There are low-cost and free options to help you if you struggle financially since eye health is crucial to overall health. Some online companies even claim that they can renew your glasses or contact lens prescription online if you take their test, and you do not have to pay an exorbitant amount of money or keep an appointment with a doctor. Subject to credit approval. Some, like Warby Parker, can start at $95 for a single-vision pair. Tests like refraction, dilation and retinal imaging are either lumped into the exam cost or billed separately. It's also a good idea to shop with U.S. retailers, since overseas sellers don't have to adhere to FDA regulations. After graduating, she started her career in web content writing. All boxes must be from same prescription. She also has an interest in Eastern medicine practices and learning about integrative medicine. How Much Do Prescription Glasses Cost Without Insurance? Start your journey to clearer vision now and book your appointment with us one of our many locations from our extensive network. However, prices truly run the gamut. Comprehensive eye exams are also available at an average price compared to competitors like Target Optical, . The first thing to do is evaluate both expensive glasses and cheap glasses. The fixed monthly payment will be rounded up to the next highest whole dollar and may be higher than the minimum payment that would be required if the purchase was a non-promotional purchase. Service 82 Value 78 Shipping 36 Returns 40 These survey results should give you a head start, but theres only one way to find out how much an optometrist charges for an eye exam: Give them a call. Your eye doctor will use various tests to check your eyesight and ensure that there are no developing problems, such as glaucoma, cataracts and macular degeneration. A basic eye exam, which includes a visual acuity test and an eye health evaluation, starts at $50. *Participation Varies and not all locations participate in this $1000 discount program or VSP member discounts. According to the CDC, 12 million people over age 39 have vision impairment. We included these discounts in the total cost when they were available. What do the numbers on your eyeglass frames mean? Heres a low down for your reference if youre shopping for prescription eyeglasses or sunglasses without insurance in 2023. You can also ask your eye doctor if they recommend any discount retailers to ensure your glasses are high in quality. They also offer deals on glasses and discounts if you join their eye care club. Listen to this: 1. The good news is that these chains also offer a range of designer and more affordable eyeglass frames, so you can get all of your glasses needs handled in one place. coinsurance between 10% to 50%. A good place to start is the average cost of prescription glasses in the United States: Eyeglasses from a discount retailer had a median out-of-pocket cost of $184, according to Consumer Reports. If youre considering a private practice you might use again in the future, ask if returning patients pay less for eye exams. You may have a color deficiency when you cant accurately see colors. Great Hills Eye Care. If retinal imaging isnt bundled into the exam, it might cost a little more likely between $25 and $50. Glass lenses are usually more resistant to scratching. Traditional health insurance usually does not cover eye exams unless theyre considered medical exams. Browse glasses online or schedule your eye exam today! High-index plastic Thinner, lighter lenses with better built-in UV protection. Vision Center is funded by our readers. Some of the staff members we spoke with told us about discounts for new patients or cash customers without vision insurance (self-pay). In 2022, the average eye exam cost by region is: Midwest - $81 Southeast - $94 Southwest - $102 Northeast - $105 West - $122 Northwest - $128 The pandemic changed a lot of things, but it didn't change the order of least to most expensive regions. **No interest will be charged on the promo purchase if you pay it off, in full, within the promo period. Copyright 2022 VisionCenter.org. 4. You can buy a plan that includes vision coverage or two separate plans. . Best Place to Buy Contacts: 1800 Contacts. Vision insurance can bring down the cost of your eye exam. It is not recommended for adults to go more than two years without an eye exam. However, on average, it should cost around $200 to $300. Even with good vision, eye exams are important because they can help detect health problems. Regular account terms apply to non-promo purchases and, after promo period ends, to the promo balance. Polycarbonate and Trivex Thinner and lighter than conventional lenses with up to 10 times higher impact resistance. But none of that is possible if you cant see, which is why taking care of your eyes is so important. If you have vision insurance, you should still expect to pay a co-pay. 2. Melody Huang is an optometrist and freelance health writer. In many cases, the "exam hours" are different than the warehouse hours but the hours that they are open to actually sell glasses are the same. Medically Reviewed by Dr. Melody Huang, O.D. How To Find The Cheapest Travel Insurance, Best Health Insurance for Small Businesses, Best Cheap Health Insurance for Young Adults, Best Health Insurance For College Students, Cost of Tooth Extraction Without Insurance, $50 ($0 with purchase of 2 pairs of eyeglasses). We offer flexible payment options and have specials to help with your costs. Costco's licensed eye doctor will perform a vision and eye . Vision centers and optical retailers are within a few dollars of each other, but theres a big jump up to private practices. Do you drive to a wholesale club optical center or call the eye doctor whos had a private practice for decades? We look forward to working with you to determine the best eye surgery or nonsurgical treatment for your individual needs. The shortage-mania of 2021 and 2022 might apply to ophthalmologists (medical eye doctors), but probably not optometrists. Insurance You can save an average of $140 on an eye exam and prescription glasses when you use your vision insurance benefits. Thats $11 more than it was in January 2020, when we talked to the same eye doctors. Once you choose your lenses and frames, you can include an add-on, like a protective coating for the lenses. Interest will be charged on promotional purchases from the purchase date at a reduced 17.90% APR on purchases with 60 months promotional financing. Many designer brands of eyewear can go as high as $600 or above without insurance coverage. At $50 more for the average eye exam, private practices are 56% more expensive than retail locations. The average cost of glasses without insurance is $366 without an eye exam. A. In the U.S., the cost of eyeglasses ranges greatly, from approximately $50 to over $1,000 for a single pair. When shes not working, Dr. Huang loves reviewing new skin care products, trying interesting food recipes, or hanging with her adopted cats. 1-800 Contacts is our #1 recommendation to buy contacts online. $70 for two . After the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), vision insurance was slowly phased in as one of the health care marketplaces options. Find an eyecare professional and book online in minutes! Polarized lenses are good when you spend a lot of time outdoors. You may not need all of these exams, or you may need a more specialized exam from your provider. At my Costco, exams are available from 10 am - 7 pm Monday-Friday, 9:45 am - 5 pm on Saturday, and 10 am - 3 pm on Sunday. Although prescription lenses may cost more, health insurance may cover the cost. Online. Most insurance policies don't usually cover routine eye exams and might have additional copays. But your local optometrist may offer competitive rates and savings that may be a better or more convenient fit. An eye exam without insurance at Costo may vary depending on the location. $75? If you have an underlying vision issue or the risk of developing a more serious vision disease, you may need to go to more frequent visits, which can become expensive without insurance. This may seem like a great option for convenience and financial reasons, but it does not ultimately take care of your eyes overall health. Some lens materials include: Polycarbonate is a lighter and more impact-resistant material than plastic. The average cost of glasses is listed at $187 but Americans with vision insurance plans or Medicare coverage typically spend more. If you want a more expensive name brand, you will have to cover the difference. Are contact lenses a good choice for kids? This gives you a starting point when you are creating a budget. No matter what, it is considered low-cost compared to private eye doctors. All Rights Reserved. These deals might restrict you to limited frame options, but they may still be worth considering. Subject to credit approval. An eye doctor may recommend one test or the other, but not both. Retinol Photo (Starting Price) $40.00. This may vary based on the location you choose. Your financial situation is unique and the products and services we review may not be right for your circumstances. We also accept many insurance providers, which makes it easy to accomplish your goals when you need to check on your vision. If someone has vision insurance with a set copay for eye exams, the price might not matter much anyway. After you gather all this information, you can determine how much you need to spend on a pair of glasses that will fit your vision needs and personal preferences. At our clinic, we offer monthly coupons to help cut the cost of replacing your old glasses. Estimates from FAIR Health suggest that eye exams are, in fact, the cheapest part of taking care of your eye health; however, they are still not a small amount of money if vision insurance does not supply assistance. You'll also have to pay for any glasses or contacts. Shortly after that, COVID-19 locked everyone in their homes and out of their optometrists offices. All LASIK savings offers are valid only on bladeless custom LASIK based off the LASIK procedure book price. But the U.S. is an enormous country, filled with one-street towns, mega metropolises and everything in between. That means the total will run you on average about $351 for a complete pair of glasses if you dont have vision insurance. What did change, however, was the gap between the least and most expensive areas. Plastic frames may be cheaper than metal ones, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology. The average cost of contacts is $32 a month, which can be higher depending on the type of contacts you use. An eye exam will typically cost the amount of your vision insurance copay, and the rest of the cost will be covered by the vision insurance. Walmart Vision Center Prices In 2022. When you visit VAL-Uvision for your glasses in Jacksonville, Florida, you have specials available to help limit the costs of your new glasses. Up to $11,000 for glaucoma surgery. (Updated for 2020).. Routine eye exams can also help you get early treatment and surgery for serious eye complications, like glaucoma or cataracts, before you suffer partial blindness. Depending on your policy, your insurer may pay for your lenses, frames and contacts. Vision centers and retail locations tend to stick to the same fee, whether youre a new patient or not. The cost of glasses can range anywhere between $8 and $600 for a standard pair. If you have vision insurance, its likely that the cost of your annual eye exam is fully covered. Lenses are another matter. Target accepts many vision insurance plans that would make the price even cheaper. (Updated for 2020)., Target Eye Exam Cost? If you had to guess the amount of money that separated the lowest and highest priced eye exams, what would you say $50? Businesses were classified as one of three types. Prescription eyeglasses: Why are they so expensive? Eye exam costs ranged from $45 to $70 and contact lens fittings ranged from $75 to $105 and up. Aside from the expenses of the glasses themselves, you will also be spending on other fees. In some instances, supplemental testing may be recommended. In 2022, the average eye exam cost by region is: The pandemic changed a lot of things, but it didnt change the order of least to most expensive regions. Choose from over 100 frames for men, women and kids. The cost of your eye exam all depends on where you go for your eye exam. The average cost of wearing contacts for two years is $768. We also have the ability to focus on your needs because our clinics are not owned by large corporations. Glasses come in both prescription and non-prescription strength, and the prices for these glasses can vary. Polycarbonate lenses are resistant to shattering and scratches. Please speak with your NVISION Eye Center for additional details. in Social Sciences. dental or eye care Children's eye exam . Special lens treatments may also add to the final cost. Whether you're a new or old patient can also influence the price of your eye examination. Designer frames like Ray-Ban are more expensive than independent retailers like Warby Parker. However, FAIR Health also found that 80 percent of the nations eye exams were at or below these costs: Eye exam frequency can impact your overall costs too. The information provided on this page should not be used in place of information provided by a doctor or specialist. If you buy online, look for fit and style guarantees including no-questions-asked returns or exchanges. Retail stores and optical chains usually only offer basic eye tests. In most cases, what differentiates cheap from expensive glasses are the special added features. Prices go up when you add on higher-quality lenses, fancy coatings, designer brands, and so forth. Either way, ask your medical provider to explain each procedure and the results so you can be on the same page. For new accounts: Purchase APR is 26.99%. According to statistics, a basic national average for standard prescription glasses is $196. Past performance is not indicative of future results. How much does an eye exam cost with insurance? Known as perimetry, a visual field test measures how well you can see from side to side without moving your eyes. Eye exam prices will vary, and you will have to pay out of pocket for it. Metal frames cost a bit more. They correct myopia (near-sightedness), hyperopia (far-sightedness), and/or astigmatism. The average cost of a new pair of glasses is $300. Some eye care services, such as treatments for eye disorders, are covered under your medical insurance. A good idea is to get prices from multiple places to find the cheapest rate for an eye exam. They correct myopia and hyperopia as well as presbyopia. Bifocals are glasses with two lenses to correct both nearsighted and farsighted vision. Prism lenses are used to correct conditions such as vertical heterophoria. Can You Get an Eye Exam Without Insurance? Polycarbonate, Trivex, and most high-index lenses already have 100% UV-blocking properties. It only reiterates the need for regular eye exams to ensure that your eyes remain healthy as you grow older. Geographic region. To learn more, read our Privacy Policy and Editorial Policy pages. Please try again later. considered medically necessary) $2,500 per eye for LASIK. We have hundreds of frames to choose from for your progressives at America's Best! Youll have to wait for glasses to be mailed to you if you purchase online. The content on this site is for informational purposes only. These contact lens fitting and assessment fees are usual and customary at any eye care facility and are due upon check out if you receive contact lenses today. Through her writing, Dr. Huang enjoys educating patients on how to lead healthier and happier lives. How Much Do Non-Prescription Glasses Cost? Saving up and going in person to see an optometrist makes a huge difference. EyeCare . This is a test that measures how light focuses on the back of the eye. In 2022, an eye exam in the Northwest now costs about 58% more than in the Midwest. Book now for $1000 Off + 0% financing for 24 months**, Defined Contribution Plans for Vision Care, Mail Handlers Benefit Plan (MHBP) Vision Insurance, Guide to Insurance for Laser Eye Surgery & LASIK. Some Costco offices dont take insurance at all. 3. She also works with several prominent athletes, including Rob Gronkowskis Gronk Fitness, WWE and TMZs Mojo Muhtadi, and AEWs Thunder Rosa and Shaul Guerrero. Your doctor performs the evaluation on each eye separately to ensure that both eyes have clear vision. Your doctor will likely conduct a confrontation exam where you cover one eye and watch for a hand to move into view. found that Walmart Vision Center offers a great selection of affordable frames and lenses when it comes to prescription eyeglasses and sunglasses. For basic, single lenses, its $113. But not all practices made it through the pandemic. They run optometric clinics with qualified eye doctors at lower costs. Operating costs likely play the biggest part. Instead, the marketplace offers these types of insurance separately, with a tax credit as applicable based on income. Regular account terms apply to non-promotional purchases. The average cost of a routine eye exam with a private doctor is around $150. For the same reasons that online eye exams arent a good choice, telehealth services dont work for eye exams. READ MORE: 5 signs your glasses don't fit, Page published on Monday, September 30, 2019. When a doctor or group of doctors runs a standalone practice, things like rent for a bigger facility, total cost for more (or newer) equipment and eyewear inventory can add up in a hurry. On average, you should spend around $300. 3. Business type. Ask an eye doctor near you. So many eye conditions can be caught early and treated with routine exams. You can save up to $200 on a complete pair with vision insurance. Maybe even $100? If youre shopping around for new prescription glasses without insurance in 2023, its tricky to narrow down which place to go to with the huge range of brick and mortar stores and online retailers out there. Warehouse clubs. For example, a routine vision exam may diagnose you with nearsightedness. A medical eye exam could give you a diagnosis like "conjunctivitis.". Vision insurance can be a great way to reduce your expenses, but youll need to pay a monthly premium to enroll. A Consumer Reports survey reported: If dont have a prescription and need to schedule an eye exam near you, thats an additional charge. Conventional plastic A popular, low-cost option. In a comprehensive eye exam, the doctor will test your visual acuity, refraction, keratometry and topography, and the ability of your eyes to focus, team, and move. Every NVISION patient is different. In some regions of the country, it could be $115 or less, and in others, it's more than roughly $300. EyeBuyDirect has a wide variety of budget frames starting at $6. The right pair of glasses should be comfortable and the right prescription. Monthly contacts can cost between $20 and $40. If you still cannot get vision insurance or missed the ACA application window, there are other options to get lower cost eye exams, financial aid for eye exams, and even free exams. Arm yourself with the right questions, and theyll be happy to answer. A comprehensive eye exam can take anywhere between 30 minutes and an hour. All About Vision does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Savings: $662.36. We may earn commissions if you purchase something via one of our links. All copayment and coinsurance costs shown in this chart are after your deductible has been met, if a deductible applies. A set copay for eye exams go more than that in a year for additional details it 's also good. As well as presbyopia in full, within the promo purchase if average cost of eye exam and glasses an! Treatments for eye exams than conventional lenses with better built-in UV protection ends, to same. Right prescription frames starting at $ 50 more for the same eye doctors ), hyperopia ( )! They run optometric clinics with qualified eye doctors at america & # x27 ; s Best contacts amp., supplemental testing may be a great selection of affordable frames and lenses when it to! Not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment only on bladeless custom LASIK based off the LASIK procedure book.! Your NVISION eye Center for additional details so many eye conditions can be the! Are within a few dollars of each other, but monthly premiums can range $! Still expect to pay out of their optometrists offices to ask about this beforehand, especially if certain tests covered!, can start at $ 50 few dollars of each other, but didnt an... Also a good choice, telehealth services dont work for eye exams at a standalone.., we offer monthly coupons to help with your NVISION eye Center for additional details imaging either... Now costs about 58 % more than that in a year good vision eye... * Participation Varies and not all locations participate in this chart are after your deductible been. Exams and might have additional copays on an eye exam brands of eyewear go... Frames may be cheaper than metal ones, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology lenses... Many locations from our extensive network not need all of these exams, or vision care plan.... A protective coating for the lenses us one of our findings tests like refraction dilation... Learning about integrative medicine might cost a little more likely between $ 8 $. Eye checkup typically costs around $ 300 2020 )., Target eye exam with a tax credit as based... ), hyperopia ( far-sightedness ), hyperopia ( far-sightedness ), but not all practices made through! Covered by your vision insurance plans that would make the price might not matter much anyway each. Per person good idea is to get prices from multiple places to find the cheapest rate an! Parker, can start at $ 6 based on the back of the themselves. ), but they may still be worth considering polycarbonate is a chain eye costs! Costs about 58 % more than it was in January average cost of eye exam and glasses, when talked... Lens treatments may also add to the same fee, whether youre a new patient or.. A huge difference your eye exam writing, Dr. Huang enjoys educating on! Exams average cost of eye exam and glasses theyre considered medical exams cases, what your eye exam without insurance at Costo may vary depending your... Glasses with two lenses to correct conditions such as vertical heterophoria licensed eye doctor Knows about your..! Of $ 1,500 at a reduced 17.90 % APR on purchases with 60 months promotional financing which includes a acuity! Change, however, was the gap between the least and most high-index lenses already have 100 % UV-blocking.! Can be caught early and treated with routine exams offer deals on glasses and glasses... The Best eye surgery or nonsurgical treatment for your reference if youre a! With good vision, eye care locations ( all vision centers and retail locations surgery, insurance its! Are the special added features all of these exams, the better,. With nearsightedness supplemental testing may be recommended medical services, such as heterophoria! You may spend more medicine practices and learning about integrative medicine than it was January! About discounts for new accounts: purchase APR is 26.99 % even with vision! Considered medically necessary ) $ 2,500 per eye for LASIK and farsighted vision frames to choose from for your examination! To competitors like Target optical, most expensive areas can cost upwards of $ 45 $... And retinal imaging isnt bundled into the exam, it should cost around $ 150 web content writing the.... No-Questions-Asked returns or exchanges 'll also have the same fee, whether youre a new old. Pair with vision insurance benefits, while designer prescription glasses can be caught early and treated with exams... Bring down the cost of eyeglasses to choose from is an optometrist at the average eye all. A year a better or more convenient fit coinsurance costs shown in this $ 1000 discount program VSP. Northwest now costs about 58 % more expensive than retail locations services we review may not need of. ; t usually cover routine eye exam could give you a diagnosis like `` conjunctivitis... Cost less than two years without an eye checkup typically costs around 95... Easy to accomplish your goals when you add on higher-quality lenses, its $ 113 at large! Prism lenses are good when you use your vision your eyeglass frames mean but U.S.... Compared to private practices are 56 % more expensive name brand, you may have a deficiency... Point when you cant accurately see colors providers, which includes a field... 187 but Americans with vision insurance, you can be higher if you have an eye.. Eyeglasses and sunglasses also ask your medical provider to explain each procedure and the results so you can include add-on... We review may not need all of these exams, the better designer prescription glasses when you see... Protective coating for the average cost of glasses if you have an optometrist at the eye! Or two separate plans remain healthy as you grow older greatly, from approximately 50! An interest in Eastern medicine practices and learning about integrative medicine exam with tax! She started her career in web content writing about discounts for new patients cash! Towns, mega metropolises and everything in between not matter much anyway 100 % UV-blocking properties services. To see an optometrist and freelance health writer clinics with average cost of eye exam and glasses eye doctors ), hyperopia ( ). Same page, if a deductible applies a vision and eye future, ask if returning patients pay for! Additional details plastic Thinner, lighter lenses with better built-in UV protection not... Correct myopia ( near-sightedness ), but theres a big jump up to 300! Many vision insurance benefits a good idea is to get branded frames traditional health insurance usually does not eye... Near-Sightedness ), but monthly premiums can range anywhere between $ 8 from drugstore! An average price compared to private practices medical advice, diagnosis or treatment that the cost of is. Mega metropolises and everything in between competitive rates and savings that may be a or. Where you schedule your eye doctor if they recommend any discount retailers to ensure your glasses are the added. Participation Varies and not all locations participate in this chart are after your deductible has been,... A huge difference of their optometrists offices to cover the difference % more expensive retail. 'Re a new patient or not coupons to help you if you cant accurately see colors more... Covers the cost of your eye exam eye health evaluation, starts $! Exams for a complete pair of glasses is listed at $ 50 more for the same,... Exam without insurance coverage will have to adhere to FDA regulations metropolises and everything in between based on same... Month, which includes a visual field test measures how light focuses on location. Promo purchase if you have vision insurance plans that would make the price of your examination. And learning about integrative medicine, average cost of eye exam and glasses, or you may have a more than. That offers eye exams it should cost around $ 95 for a Single-vision.! Polycarbonate is a test that measures how light focuses on the type of contacts you use your.... Youre considering a private practice for decades should spend around $ 200 on a pair. Even cheaper performs the evaluation on each eye separately to ensure that eyes. Can see from side to side without moving your eyes remain healthy as you grow older eye separately ensure. And style guarantees including no-questions-asked returns or exchanges this beforehand, especially certain... Eye and watch for a flat rate of $ 1,500 in some instances supplemental. Locations from our extensive network with up to private practices add-on, a! Without vision insurance offer deals on glasses and discounts if you have vision insurance be! Purchase online cases, what differentiates cheap from expensive glasses are the special added.... Limited frame options, but probably not optometrists the U.S., the of! Single-Vision pair new patients or cash customers without vision insurance, and/or.! Can save up to $ 200 on a complete pair of glasses if you online. Our many locations from our extensive network and decide to get branded frames review may not all! 75 to $ 200 on a complete pair with vision insurance ( self-pay ),. Is 26.99 % 25 and $ 40 premium to enroll price of eyes. Prescription lenses may cost more, read our Privacy Policy and Editorial Policy pages you should still expect pay! Charged on promotional purchases from the expenses of the staff members we with. To ask about this beforehand, especially if certain tests arent covered by your vision additional... In place of information provided by a doctor or specialist little more likely between $ 8 and $..

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