Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.8 31. Ans: dispersion Category:Medium Section:11.2 33. Ans: 33 sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds (19 sigma, 4 pi) Category:Medium Section:10.5 29. Which one of the following molecules has a zero dipole moment? They flow and are highly ordered. The bridging hydrogen atoms are not equidistant from the two oxygen atoms they connect, however. Because each end of a dipole possesses only a fraction of the charge of an electron, dipoledipole interactions are substantially weaker than the interactions between two ions, each of which has a charge of at least 1, or between a dipole and an ion, in which one of the species has at least a full positive or negative charge. 6 k J D ) 2 7 , 6 0 0 J E ) 2 5 , 0 0 0 k J A n s : A C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 1 1 . c. cannot go from solid to liquid by application of pressure at any temperature 8 k J D ) 4 0 . A) O B) S C) Na D) C E) N Ans:B Category:Easy Section:9.9 34. As a result, the boiling point of neopentane (9.5C) is more than 25C lower than the boiling point of n-pentane (36.1C). d. the same thing Which one of the following molecules has an atom with an expanded octet? The number of lone electron pairs in the NO2 ion is ___. Ans: Category:Medium Section:9.6 48. Which one of the following is most likely to be an ionic compound? D) the temperature. The geometry of the SF4 molecule is A) tetrahedral. Arrange C60 (buckminsterfullerene, which has a cage structure), NaCl, He, Ar, and N2O in order of increasing boiling points. which one is most likely to be of the molecular type? CH3Cl or CH4 Ans: CH3Cl Category:Medium Section:11.2 39. A molecule with a double-bonded oxygen, like butanone (C 4 H 8 O) is peaked in the middle where the oxygen is bonded to the carbon chain. e. hydrogen bonding, Bruce Edward Bursten, Catherine J. Murphy, H. Eugene Lemay, Matthew E. Stoltzfus, Patrick Woodward, Theodore E. Brown, El secuestro - Captulos 13-16 - vocabulario, Talking about what you used to like - Qu te, Pases Hispanos / Capitales / Datos important. Electrostatic interactions are strongest for an ionic compound, so we expect NaCl to have the highest boiling point. A) HBr B) HCl C) HF D) HI Ans:C Category:Easy Section:11.2 4. c. heat isn't conducted as well in low density air c. 1 and 1 c. primitive cubic A) 0 lone pairs, linear D) 3 lone pairs, bent B) 1 lone pair, bent E) 3 lone pairs, linear C) 2 lone pairs, bent Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.1 2. Ethyl methyl ether has a structure similar to H2O; it contains two polar CO single bonds oriented at about a 109 angle to each other, in addition to relatively nonpolar CH bonds. A) SrO B) NaF C) CaBr2 D) CsI E) BaSO4 Ans:A Category:Medium Section:9.3 14. B R E E 4 A n s : B C a t e g o ry:Medium Section:9.2 10. The boiling point of butane is close to 0 degrees Celsius, whereas the higher boiling point of butanone (79.6 degrees Celsius) can be explained by the shape of the molecule, which creates an attractive force between the oxygen on one molecule and the hydrogen on a neighboring molecule. Which one of the following is most likely to be a covalent compound? a. Ethanol must have stronger intermolecular attraction, based on its higher boiling point. CCl4 or CH4 Ans: CCl4 Category:Medium Section:11.2 38. Why do strong intermolecular forces produce such anomalously high boiling points and other unusual properties, such as high enthalpies of vaporization and high melting points? h|g h|g B*EHUph jj5(M A . Melting and Boiling Points, Densities and Solubility for Inorganic Compounds in Water: How Can You Determine If a Molecule Has a Higher Boiling Point? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1) As a gaseous element condenses, the atoms become ___ and they have ___ attraction for ____ one another. A) ethanol, bp = 78C C) water, bp = 100C B) methanol, bp = 65C D) acetone, bp = 56C Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.8 10. The Lewis dot symbol for the calcium ion is A) EMBED Equation.BREE42+ B) C a C ) E M B E D E q u a t i o n . Consider a pair of adjacent He atoms, for example. Potassium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice. d. covalent-ionic interactions On average, the two electrons in each He atom are uniformly distributed around the nucleus. The net effect is that the first atom causes the temporary formation of a dipole, called an induced dipole, in the second. This is the expected trend in nonpolar molecules, for which London dispersion forces are the exclusive intermolecular forces. c. high heats of fusion and vaporization Use the graph of vapor pressure to determine the normal boiling point of O2. Asked for: order of increasing boiling points. The total number of bonding electrons in a molecule of formaldehyde (H2CO) is A) 3 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 18 Ans:D Category:Medium Section:9.6 29. a. monoclinic N2 Br2 H2 Cl2 O2. Methane and its heavier congeners in group 14 form a series whose boiling points increase smoothly with increasing molar mass. Intermolecular forces are electrostatic in nature; that is, they arise from the interaction between positively and negatively charged species. Which of the following pairs of elements would be most likely to form an ionic compound? Which one of the following molecules is polar? e. heat of deposition, heat of vaporization. A) Rb2O B) BaO C) SrO D) SeO2 E) MnO2 Ans:D Category:Easy Section:9.4 6. Ans: Category:Medium Section:9.9 46. What kind of attractive forces can exist between nonpolar molecules or atoms? These can be grouped into the following three factors. Which of the following would be expected to have the highest vapor pressure at room temperature? . a. have their particles arranged randomly A) Br2 B) Cl2 C) F2 D) I2 Ans:D Category:Easy Section:11.2 2. Cooking times for boiled food need to be changed to ensure the food is completely cooked. 8 2 9 . E) trigonal pyramidal. C) polar bonds, and is a polar molecule. Argon and N2O have very similar molar masses (40 and 44 g/mol, respectively), but N2O is polar while Ar is not. Recall that the attractive energy between two ions is proportional to 1/r, where r is the distance between the ions. Ans:E Category:Medium Section:10.1 6. B) nonpolar bonds, but is a polar molecule. How many atoms are there per unit cell? A) NH3 B) OF2 C) CH3Cl D) H2O E) BeCl2 Ans:E Category:Medium Section:10.2 19. A 6.0 -L flask contains a mixture of methane (CH4), argon, and helium at 45C45 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }45C and 1.75 atm. In contrast, the energy of the interaction of two dipoles is proportional to 1/r3, so doubling the distance between the dipoles decreases the strength of the interaction by 23, or 8-fold. Hydrogen bonds are especially strong dipoledipole interactions between molecules that have hydrogen bonded to a highly electronegative atom, such as O, N, or F. The resulting partially positively charged H atom on one molecule (the hydrogen bond donor) can interact strongly with a lone pair of electrons of a partially negatively charged O, N, or F atom on adjacent molecules (the hydrogen bond acceptor). A) ethanol, bp = 78C. C) Water can form hydrogen bonds. D) polar bonds, but is a nonpolar molecule. Which of the atoms listed below is the most electronegative? Of the following, __________ has the highest boiling point. The reason for this trend is that the strength of London dispersion forces is related to the ease with which the electron distribution in a given atom can be perturbed. e. all of the above, A volatile liquid is one that __________. Of the two butane isomers, 2-methylpropane is more compact, and n-butane has the more extended shape. Neopentane is almost spherical, with a small surface area for intermolecular interactions, whereas n-pentane has an extended conformation that enables it to come into close contact with other n-pentane molecules. Indicate all the types of intermolecular forces of attraction in C2H6(g). The F S F bond angles in SF6 are A) 90 and 180 B) 109.5 C) 120 D) 180 E) 90 and 120 Ans:A Category:Medium Section:10.1 18. Identify the compound with the highest boiling point. Hydrogen bond formation requires both a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor. Of the following substances, only __________ has London dispersion forces as its only intermolecular force. A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 6 E) 8 Ans:B Category:Medium Section:11.4 21. Polar covalent bonds behave as if the bonded atoms have localized fractional charges that are equal but opposite (i.e., the two bonded atoms generate a dipole). What is the major attractive force that exists among different I2 molecules in the solid? C) a dispersion force. A ) 4 9 4 k J B ) 2 7 , 6 0 0 k J C ) 2 7 . e. spherical cubic. Which one of the following molecules has an atom with an incomplete octet? h|g CJ UVaJ * , . b. a long range repeating pattern of atoms, molecules, or ions, The unit cell with all sides the same length and all angles equal to 90 that has lattice points only at the corners is called __________. A) 19C B) 52C C) 60C D) 64C E) 70C Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.8 24. Each water molecule accepts two hydrogen bonds from two other water molecules and donates two hydrogen atoms to form hydrogen bonds with two more water molecules, producing an open, cagelike structure. Ans:E Category:Medium Section:11.8 12. e. Large molecules, regardless of their polarity. c. Large nonpolar molecules Consequently, HO, HN, and HF bonds have very large bond dipoles that can interact strongly with one another. Surface tension c. Volatility d. Meniscus e. Capillary action. Liquids boil when the molecules have enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular attractive forces that hold them together, thereby forming bubbles of vapor within the liquid. (iii) Viscosity increases as intermolecular forces increase. Complete this sentence: The PCl5 molecule has A) nonpolar bonds, and is a nonpolar molecule. The substance with the weakest forces will have the lowest boiling point. The properties of liquids are intermediate between those of gases and solids, but are more similar to solids. e. strong enough to hold molecules relatively close together but not strong enough to keep molecules from moving past each other, As a solid element melts, the atoms become _____ and they have _____ attraction for each other, Together, liquids and solids constitute ________ phases of matter. Thus far, we have considered only interactions between polar molecules. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. B R E E 4 2 E ) E M B E D E q u a t i o n . The geometry of the CS2 molecule is best described as A) linear. Which of the following ionic solids would have the largest lattice energy? The intermolecular forces that are most significant in accounting for the high boiling point of liquid water relative to other substances of similar molecular weight are the: . The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Which one of the following is most likely to be an ionic compound? d. cannot be liquefied above its triplepoint Which of the responses includes all of the following that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules? D) square planar. Use VSEPR theory to predict the geometry of the PCl3 molecule. Thus we predict the following order of boiling points: This result is in good agreement with the actual data: 2-methylpropane, boiling point = 11.7C, and the dipole moment () = 0.13 D; methyl ethyl ether, boiling point = 7.4C and = 1.17 D; acetone, boiling point = 56.1C and = 2.88 D. Arrange carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), ethyl methyl sulfide (CH3SC2H5), dimethyl sulfoxide [(CH3)2S=O], and 2-methylbutane [isopentane, (CH3)2CHCH2CH3] in order of decreasing boiling points. Small polar molecules A) H2S B) HCN C) BF3 D) H2CO E) SO2 Ans:B Category:Medium Section:10.1 13. Write the Lewis structure of ammonia (nitrogen trihydride). G ), called an induced dipole, called an induced dipole, called an induced,! To have the highest boiling point of O2 52C C ) CH3Cl D ) 64C E n. Points increase smoothly with increasing molar mass of elements would be expected which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet the... The lowest boiling point exists among different I2 molecules in the second polar bonds, and n-butane has highest. B E D E q u a t i o n different I2 in! Bond formation requires both a hydrogen bond formation requires both a hydrogen bond donor a. 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Forces can exist between nonpolar molecules or atoms which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet BaO C ) Na D ) SeO2 )!